Phenytoin, Structure, Mechanism of action, Drug Interactions, Therapeutic Uses, Adverse effects and Contraindications
Phenytoin Phenytoin, also known by its brand name Dilantin, is a medication used primarily as an anticonvulsant to prevent and control seizures. It belongs to a class of drugs called hydantoins. Phenytoin is commonly available under the brand names: Dilantin Phenytek Eptoin These are some of the well-known brand names for phenytoin that may be used in different countries or regions. Mechanism Of Action The mechanism of action of phenytoin involves its interaction with voltage-gated sodium channels in the brain. Here's a breakdown of how it works: 1. Stabilization of Neuronal Membranes : Phenytoin acts by binding to the voltage-gated sodium channels present on the neuronal cell membranes. These channels are responsible for the flow of sodium ions into neurons, contributing to the generation and propagation of action potentials. 2. Inhibition of Abnormal Electrical Activity: By binding to the sodium channels, phenytoin slows down the rate at which the channels open and clo...